Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss, especially as we get older. It affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. There are two main types: dry AMD and wet AMD. If you or someone you care about has been diagnosed with this condition, understanding the difference between the two can help you manage it better.
Let’s take a closer look at dry and wet macular degeneration and what steps you can take to protect your vision.
What is dry macular degeneration?
Dry macular degeneration is the more common form of the condition, accounting for about 85-90% of cases. It occurs when the macula thins and breaks down over time, often due to aging. Small yellow deposits called drusen begin to form under your retina, which can gradually blur or reduce your central vision.
This type of macular degeneration typically progresses slowly. In the early stages, you might not notice any vision changes. However, as it advances, it can lead to blurred or reduced central vision, making it difficult to read, recognize faces, or perform tasks that require fine detail.
While there is no cure for dry macular degeneration, certain lifestyle changes and treatments, like taking vitamin supplements, can slow its progression.
What is wet macular degeneration?
Wet macular degeneration is less common but much more serious. It happens when abnormal blood vessels grow underneath the retina, leaking blood or fluid and damaging the macula. This can cause your vision to suddenly become blurry or distorted.
Wet macular degeneration often develops from the dry form, though not everyone with dry macular degeneration will progress to wet. When wet AMD occurs, it can cause rapid and significant loss of central vision, making it difficult to see straight ahead.
Thankfully, wet macular degeneration can be treated with anti-VEGF injections. These medications help stop the growth of abnormal blood vessels and prevent further vision loss. Early detection is crucial to preserving as much vision as possible.
How to tell if you’re at risk
Age is the biggest risk factor for macular degeneration, but other risk factors include:
- Family history: If macular degeneration runs in your family, your risk increases.
- Smoking: Smokers are significantly more likely to develop macular degeneration than non-smokers.
- High blood pressure and cholesterol: These conditions can damage the blood vessels in your eyes, contributing to the progression of the disease.
- A diet low in antioxidants: A diet lacking in leafy greens, fruits, and other antioxidant-rich foods may increase your risk.
If you have any of these risk factors or are experiencing symptoms like blurry vision, dark spots, or difficulty seeing in low light, it’s important to schedule regular comprehensive eye exams. The sooner we detect this condition, the better the chances of effective treatment.
Get personalized care at Vision Center of Lake Norman
If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of macular degeneration, seeking treatment as early as possible is crucial. At the Vision Center of Lake Norman, we offer comprehensive eye exams and macular degeneration treatment in Mooresville to help manage both types effectively. Schedule an appointment and learn how we can support your eye health!
